FORMATION OF ETHNOGRAPHIC SCIENCE IN RUSSIA

摘要

The Age of Enlightenment begun in Russia in the 18th century was a period of formation of science in the country, which reached the level of developed European states in the course of the century. Such rapid rise was mostly preconditioned by the policy implemented by the Emperor Peter I, who was eager to make Russia one of the advanced European countries. Establishment of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in 1724 was one of the most important achievements of Peter I: for several decades it headed: scientific, cultural, educational, and even political development of the Russian Empire.