EFFECTS OF EXTRACTION CONDITIONS ON ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF WATER AND ETHANOL EXTRACTIONS FROM Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Hericium erinaceus AND Ganoderma lucidum

摘要

Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Hericium erinaceus and Ganoderma lucidum are rich in health-benefiting antioxidants. To estimate the preliminary effects of extraction conditions on the antioxidant activities of the mushrooms, water and ethanol were selected as the extracting solvents to determine the optimum extraction conditions by using a series of single factor experiments. The maximisation of reducing power, DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity were used as critera. The results showed smooth parabolic curves. The optimum extraction conditions maximising different antioxidant activities were different in different mushrooms. The water-soluble compounds in L. edodes and F. velutipes, and ethanol-soluble substances in G. lucidum possessed higher reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The extractions from the four mushrooms all had the higher scavenging activity against the DPPH radicals. The results implied that the compositions, especially the active compounds, varied with the mushroom species. The results might provide guidance on the maximum retention of compounds with antioxidant activities during extraction for the persons who are at suboptimum health status at home. It would lay the foundation for further optimisation of the extraction conditions by response surface methodology.