A theoretical and experimental study of light diffraction by an acoustic wave of a complex spectral composition in the regime of strong acoustooptic interaction is reported. For the case of an equidistant spectrum, coupled mode equations for the Bragg regime of light scattering are obtained. An analysis is made of the competition of diffracted modes and nonreciprocal effects taking place in the case of light modulation in a strong acoustic field. It is shown that the efficiency of diffraction at high modulation frequencies may substantially exceed that of the stationary level because of the break of symmetry of acoustooptic coupling.
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