Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss causes remission of food addiction in extreme obesity

摘要

Objective To test the hypotheses that bariatric surgery-induced weight loss: induces remission of food addiction (FA), and normalizes other eating behaviors associated with FA. Methods Forty-four obese subjects (BMI= 48 ± 8 kg/m2) were studied before and after a?20% weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (25 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, 11 laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, and eight sleeve gastrectomy). We assessed: FA (Yale Food Addiction Scale), food cravings (Food Craving Inventory), and restrictive, emotional and external eating behaviors (Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire). Results FA was identified in 32% of subjects before surgery. Compared with non-FA subjects, those with FA craved foods more frequently, and had higher scores for emotional and external eating behaviors (all P-values 0.01; all Cohen's d 0.8). Surgery-induced weight loss resulted in remission of FA in 93% of FA subjects; no new cases of FA developed after surgery. Surgery-induced weight loss decreased food cravings, and emotional and external eating behaviors in both groups (all P-values 0.001; all Cohen's d ≥ 0.8). Restrictive eating behavior did not change in non-FA subjects but increased in FA subjects (P 0.01; Cohen's d1.1). Conclusion Bariatric surgery-induced weight loss induces remission of FA and improves several eating behaviors that are associated with FA.