Bacterial causes of septicaemia and antibiogram profile in cattle from Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.

摘要

Septicaemia is a pathological state characterized by the presence of microorganisms in the blood. The aims of this study were to identify bacteria responsible for septicaemia in cattle from Debre Zeit, Ethiopia and to determine the corresponding antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. A total of 120 cattle admitted to the open air clinic of the faculty of veterinary medicine of Debre Zeit between December 2005 and June 2006, that had exhibited a febrile syndrome with a rectal temperature above 39.5 degrees C or diarrhoea with temperature of 39.3-39.5 degrees C were included in the study. Twenty five animals (20.83%) gave positive bacterial blood cultures and the isolated bacterial species were Staphylococcus aureus (12 cases, 48%), Pasteurella multocida (8 cases, 32%) and Salmonella species (5 cases, 20%). Whereas breed, age and sex were not significantly associated with the bacterial isolation rates, a significantly high proportion of positive isolates was obtained when animals were presented with a moderate hyperthermia (39.6-40.0 degrees C) (p=0.025). All bacterial isolates were fully susceptible to chloramphenicol and ciprofloxacin, the majority has shown susceptibility to streptomycin, gentamicin, polymyxin B and kanamycine, but all S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin G. Moreover, penicillin G, oxytetracyclin and erythromycin were ineffective on all Salmonella isolates. These results emphasize that bacterial invasion was not the major cause of septicaemia in cattle in the study area although S. aureus was the main bacteria identified and that antibiotics should be used according to the antibiogram results.