Axial-piston hydraulic machines are widely used as elements of hydraulic drives in construction, roadbuilding, shipbuilding, aviation, machine building for mining, metallurgy, agriculture, and other industrial sectors. Experience shows that most operational breakdowns are due to inadequate part strength in the distribution system. The most heavily loaded part is the housing (cylinder block), whose intricate shape inevitably leads to stress concentration. The cylinder block is, in structural terms, a complex housing component with a number of bores in which pistons undergo reciprocating motion. During a cylinder block cycle, each piston bore goes through intake and discharge cycles, i.e., the cylinder block is subject to an asymmetric loading cycle that is close to pulsating (the socalled discharge pressure is usually more than an order of magnitude greater than the intake pressure). The cyclic character of loading often leads to fatigue fracture of the cylinder block and causes the hydraulic machine as a whole to fail.
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