For all the powerful injection molding simulation programs that are available, determining the shrinkage and warpage of a molded part prior to mold design is fraught with shortcomings because morphological structure formation cannot be captured accurately enough during and after processing, especially in the case of semi-crystalline polymers. Modeling by means of simulation is hampered by a lack of interactive constitutive models, so that, due to the part size, the complexity of part geometry and as a function of the deformation history of the polymers and the processing conditions, it is still difficult to predict shrinkage and warpage.
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