Water use and productivity of summer sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as influenced by irrigation and phosphorus.

摘要

In a field experiment conducted in Nadia, West Bengal, India, during the summer of 2003 and 2004, the application of irrigation and phosphate fertilizer had significant effect on the number of filled seeds of the flower head, number of filled seeds per flower head, 100-seed yield and seed oil content of sunflower (cv. MSFH-17). Irrigation supplied each at bud initiation and seed development stages was superior to irrigation applied at the bud or seed development stage. P₂O₅ at 60 kg/ha was superior to 30 kg P₂O₅ in terms of number of filled seeds/cm2 of flower head, 100-seed weight, and seed yield and oil content. The combination of 60 kg P₂O₅/ha and irrigation twice was optimum for sunflower. Water use efficiency increased with the increase in the level of irrigation, but decreased with increased level of irrigation.