Experimental models of peripheral neuropathies

摘要

Peripheral neuropathies, disorders of peripheral nerves, result from genetic alterations or from metabolic, inflammatory, infectious, or chemical insults. Experimental animal models, spontaneous or induced, exist for many of the common human peripheral neuropathies. Recent advances in human genetics have led to identification of several specific gene defects involved in heritable neuropathies and have allowed reproduction of the molecular defects in experimental animals. Genetic modifications in mice and rats, similar to those seen in humans, along with animal models of specific gene defects are presented and discussed. Chemotherapeutic agents administered to affected animals mimic the dose-dependent neuropathies similar to those seen in humans. Availability of the experimental animal models has been invaluable to an understanding of the pathogenesis of disease and the development of new treatments.