Current perspective for bio-oil production from agricultural residues in commercialization aspect: A review

摘要

Because of the world's rapid population growth and growing technology, the need for energy is increasing sharply, while current energy resources with limited reserves are depleting. To meet the increased need for energy, the manufacture of biofuels from renewable sources (solid waste) offers enormous potential. Bio-oil production is now seen as a prominent possibility as a technology promising the production of drop-in transportation and boiler fuels. The selection of feedstock, characterization and pretreatment, reactor architecture, and selection of process parameters are all critical elements in the conversion of biomass to bio-oil. Several lignocellulosic biomasses have been investigated for bio-oil production by pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction. This paper presents a comparative analysis of these two methods in terms of product output, process efficiency, and significant constraints. Furthermore, the paper discusses certain significant concerns related to bio-oil from biomass, such as bio-oil basics (e.g., features, chemistry), upgradation, application, environmental and economic evaluation.