Modulation of brain lipids of rats by various dietary oils: sunflower, high-oleic sunflower, olive, rapeseed or coriander oil.

摘要

The pattern of long-chain polyenoic fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in brain lipids was examined in male Wistar rats that were fed isocaloric diets containing 120 g/kg diet of conventional low-oleic sunflower oil (SF), high-oleic sunflower (HOS) and olive oils (OLI), medium-oleic Canola-type rapeseed oil (RAP) and high-petroselinic coriander oil (COR) for 10 weeks. In the total lipids of brain the proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was significantly higher after feeding OLI and RAP as compared to SF and COR. In phosphatidylethanolamines (PE) and phosphatidylcholines (PC) the proportion of DHA was significantly higher after feeding RAP as compared to SF and COR, which is attributed to a relatively high level of alpha-linolenic acid in RAP. The proportion of arachidonic acid (AA) and other n-6 LC-PUFA in both PE and PC was significantly lower after feeding COR than each of the other diets, which is envisaged to be caused by the presence in COR of high proportion of petroselinic acid having a DELTA6-double bond that inhibits the DELTA6-desaturase as a pseudo-product by mimicking the structure of linolenic acid (18:3 n-6), a precursor of AA. Some dietary oil-mediated alteration in the proportions of lignoceric (24:0) and nervonic (24:1) acids was observed in the sphingomyelins of brain tissue.