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fMRI neurofeedback of higher visual areas and perceptual biases

机译:较高视域的fMRI神经反馈和知觉偏差

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The self-regulation of brain activation via neurofeedback training offers a method to study the relationship between brain areas and perception in a more direct manner than the conventional mapping of brain responses to different types of stimuli. The current proof-of-concept study aimed to demonstrate that healthy volunteers can self-regulate activity in the parahippocampal place area (PPA) over the fusiform face area (FFA). Both areas are involved in higher order visual processing and are activated during the imagery of scenes and faces respectively. Participants (N=9) were required to upregulate PPA relative to FFA activity, and all succeeded at the task, with imagery of scenes being the most commonly reported mental strategy. A control group (N=8) underwent the same imagery and testing procedure, albeit without neurofeedback, in a mock MR scanner to account for any non-specific training effects. The up regulation of PPA activity occurred concurrently with activation of prefrontal and parietal areas, which have been associated with ideation and mental image generation. We tested whether successful upregulation of the PPA relative to FFA had consequences on perception by assessing bistable perception of faces and houses in a binocular rivalry task (before and after the scanning sessions) and categorisation of faces and scenes presented in transparent composite images (during scanning, interleaved with the self regulation blocks). Contrary to our expectations, upregulation of the PPA did not alter the duration of face or house perception in the rivalry task and response speed and accuracy in the categorisation task. This conclusion was supported by the results of another control experiment (N=10 healthy participants) that involved intensive exposure to category-specific stimuli and did not show any behavioural or perceptual changes. We conclude that differential self-regulation of higher visual areas can be achieved, but that perceptual biases under conditions of stimulus rivalry are relatively robust against such internal modulation of localised brain activity. This study sets the basis for future investigations of perceptual and behavioural consequences of localised self-regulation of neural activity. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译:通过神经反馈训练对大脑激活的自我调节提供了一种方法,可以比传统的对不同类型的刺激的大脑反应作图更直接地研究大脑区域与知觉之间的关系。当前的概念验证研究旨在证明健康的志愿者可以在梭形面部区域(FFA)上自调节海马旁区域(PPA)的活动。这两个区域都涉及较高级别的视觉处理,并且分别在场景和面部成像期间被激活。参与者(N = 9)被要求相对于FFA活动上调PPA,并且所有人都成功完成了任务,场景图像是最常报告的心理策略。对照组(N = 8)在模拟MR扫描仪中进行了相同的成像和测试程序,尽管没有神经反馈,以说明任何非特定的训练效果。 PPA活性的上调与前额叶和顶叶区域的激活同时发生,这与构想和心理图像产生有关。我们通过评估双眼竞争任务中的面孔和房屋的双稳态感知(扫描之前和之后)以及透明合成图像中呈现的面孔和场景的分类(扫描期间),来测试PPA相对于FFA的成功上调是否会对感知产生影响,与自我调节块交错)。与我们的预期相反,PPA的上调并没有改变竞争任务中脸部或房屋感知的持续时间以及分类任务中的响应速度和准确性。该结论得到另一个对照实验(N = 10名健康参与者)的结果的支持,该实验涉及大量暴露于类别特定的刺激,并且未显示任何行为或知觉变化。我们得出的结论是,可以实现较高视觉区域的差异性自我调节,但在刺激竞争的条件下,感知偏见相对于针对局部大脑活动的这种内部调节而言相对较强。这项研究为未来研究神经活动的局部自我调节的知觉和行为后果奠定了基础。 (C)2016作者。由Elsevier Ltd.发布

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