Effect of Baculovirus spodoptera Isolates in Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae and Their Characterization By RAPD

摘要

The total of 22 Baculovirus isolates surveyed in different corn producing regions in Brazil were used against fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). The viruses were purified and their suspensions were used to feed fall armyworm larvae from 4th and 5th instar. The mortality rate was checked daily and the infected larvae were frost after death, what generally occurred between the 5th and 7th day after virus ingestion. The 22 Baculovirus isolates were used in six concentrations (from 10~3 to 10~8 polyhedra/ml) and one check treatment with water. Mortality rate, larval period, pupal period, pupa weight and lethal concentration (LC_(50)) were determined for all isolates. Significant differences were found among all isolates and different concentrations, also interaction between isolate x virus concentration for all characteristics evaluated, except for pupal period. Amplification patterns of 54 RAPD markers, being 41 polymorphic among the isolates, were used to evaluate the genetic distanceand its correlation with the fall armyworm larvae mortality rate. The genetic diversity calculated by the Jaccard's coefficient using the molecular data allowed a division of the isolates into two groups, with a high level of confidence. These groups did not present any association with the mortality rate caused by the isolates or with their geographical distribution. However, a RAPD fragment OPW04.2280 was highly associated with the larvae mortality rate and with LC_(50), explaining 23 and 65% of thephenotypic variation for these traits among the isolates, respectively.