Compliance costs for regulatory approval of new biotech crops.

摘要

This letter-to-the-editor provides two contributions to the knowledge concerning the private costs of complying with current regulatory approval system for agrifood biotechnologies. First, it characterizes the structure of such compliance costs and identify key dimensions of their variability. Second, it provides estimates of representative compliance costs for selected maize biotechnologies. Such estimates are based on reviews and analyses of dossiers submitted to regulatory agencies, and firm-level data on associated expenses..