A methodological framework to enhance the clinicalsuccess of cancer immunotherapy

摘要

Cancer immunotherapy has a rich historyspanning more than 100 years. Yet the fieldhas struggled to integrate its knowledgeinto methodological advances that enableclinical success. The recent approvals ofsipuleucel-T (Provenge) for hormonerefractory prostate cancer and ipilimumab(Yervoy) for unresectable and metastaticmelanoma mark a notable turning point forthe field. The drug approvals, both basedon patient survival benefit, underscorethe emergence of immunotherapy as a newtreatment modality for cancer and reflectkey characteristics of a new methodologicalframework for future progress. Anotable challenge for the development ofimmunotherapies (defined here to spanvaccination, adoptive T-cell transfer andstrategies to modulate adaptive immuneresponses) has been the absence of such atailored methodological framework distinctfrom that widely used for chemotherapy.