Genotoxic Effect of Inorganic Nanoparticles on the Cell

摘要

Inorganic nanomaterials have a growing application in industry and medicine; they can be found in everyday life and could affect living organisms, including people. This raises the question concerning safe concentrations and treatment times for different nanostructures. The aim of this review is to structure the available literature data on the penetration of nanoparticles into cells, their intracellular localization, and the signaling pathways induced by them. The information gathered shed some light on the relationship between the mutagenicity and chemical structure and cyto- and genotoxicity.