Growth Characteristics in Progenies of Peanut Mutants Induced by Gamma Ray

摘要

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) mutants were induced by the gamma ray with 300 Gy of Co-60 irradiation using the seed of cultivar Shinnamkwang. BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 lines were selected in M_3 generation and then segregated. In M_8 generation, the growth characteristics of aboveground were investigated. BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 lines were short stem mutant that were 44 cm and 45 cm, respectively. The number of branches of the two mutant lines were about 10 branches, respectively, which were 13-14 branches fewerthan those of original variety Shinnamkwang. Flowering date of the BTM3-5 and BTM5-19 was June 11 and 12, respectively, which were 5 and 4 days earlier than June 16 of Shinnamkwang. In leaf area per plant, two mutant lines were 5,200 cm~2 and 5,337 cm~2,respectively, which were 14-16% smaller than 6,180 cm~2 of original variety. Reproductive nodes developed only on the branches in Shinnamkwang but that developed on the main stem as well as on the branches in two mutants. Anthe-sis of BTM5-19 mutants was 5 days earlier than July 10 of Shinnamkwang and BTM3-9 mutant. In flowering stage, Shinnamkwang bloomed 347 flowers in total but BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 were bloomed 13-37% fewer than those of Shinnamkwang but the number of effective flowers at critical flowering stage was about 40 flowers more in two mutants than those of Shinnamkwang. Mean CGR per day of BTM3-9 and BTM5-19 was 11.8 and 8.92 g/m~2/day, respectively, which was 3.6-6.5 g/m~2/day higher than those of Shinnamkwang. The second maximum of BTM5-19 mutant appeared at 90 days after sowing which was 25 days earlier than these of Shnnmamkwang and BTM3-9 mutant.