Optimization for industrial furnaces in steel plants, such as EAFs in the melt-shop, and walking beam and pusher-type furnaces in the rolling mill, is widely discussed. However, there are only very few basic targets: product quality, maximized output, maintenance cost, operation cost, with the latter referring to energy consumption in the first place. In the face of increasing energy cost and challenging environmental standards, especially energy issues have been heavily discussed recently.
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