Integrating wind into the German grid: the need for reliability: The high powers and long distances involved in the substantial expansion of offshore wind pose challenges to system planning. But proven technologies are available

摘要

Current plans envisage over 40 GW of installed wind capacity in Germany by 2020 (compared with a total of 14.5 GW in 2003) The intention is to install around 20 GW of this new capacity in wind farms in the North Sea and Baltic Sea to make use of offshore wind conditions, Modern wind generators, with a typical unit capacity of 3.6 MW or higher, are able to make use of technically optimum wind speeds of 13 m/s or more, and such speeds are more likely to be encountered offshore than onshore.