Heavy metals from mining and recovery dump polymetallic waste ore material in surrounding of neovolcanic Stiavnicke vrchy Mts. area (Central Slovakia): Impact on plants and small mammals

摘要

We recorded the following evolutionary vegetation stages on clumps and soils influenced by heavy metal pollution. On dump areas with fine-grained substrate originate plant groups in mosaic position: Tussilago farfara, Agrostis tenuis and Artemisia vulgahs, Daucus carota and Tanacetum vulgare. On places where is more humus, we can find next species: Avenella flexuosa, Nardus stricta, and mainly species from the surroundings: Arrhenatherum elatius, Veronica chamaedrys, Phleum pratense and Festuca rubra. The oldest clumps from 14~(th) to 16~(th) centuries, worked as meadows, are covered by grass, which consists of species sturdy against heavy metals: Acetosella vulgahs, Luzula campestris, Arrhenatherum elatius, Avenella flexuosa, Leucanthemum vulgare, Dianthus carthu-sianorum. The soil in this stage has well developed two or three soil horizons.