Heavy metals immobilization in the sediments by sorption on the natural materials

摘要

The article deals with the possibility to apply the natural sorbents zeolite and bentonite, compares their sorption capacity and selects the suitable sorbents for the sorption of cadmium, chromium and lead in the contaminated sediments from the locality water reservoir Ruzi'n I. These areas are well-known for their mining and metallurgical activities lasting several centuries. The heavy metals from the source of pollution are transported by the river water and accumulated in sediments. These metals may come directly from the weathering process of rocks, where the soil--forming process influences their concentration and distribution. The results obtained during the determination of the influence of sorbents on the sorption of Cd, Cr and Pb have demonstrated that on the sorption of cadmium and chromium the bentonite has the most significant sorption capability from three used sorbents in the order: Bentovet K (bentonite from Hlinfk nad Hronom, product of the firm GENES, a. s.) > zeolite from Nizny Hrabovec > zeolite from Majerovce for all samples S1 - S5. The results for the sorption of lead are in the order: zeolite Nizny Hrabovec > Bentovet K > zeolite from Majerovce.