Thermodynamic stability of tetragonal zirconia nanocrystallites

摘要

The thermodynamic stability of tetragonal (t-) ZrO_2 nanocrystallites below the bulk stability temperature 1200 deg C was studied through specially synthesized crystallites that exhibited an extremely slow coarsening rate. The nanocrystallites were mechanically transformed to the monoclinic (m-) structure, and, because the crystallite size was kept below approximately 20 nm, the t-structure was completely recovered solely by thermal treatments between 900 and 1100 deg C. These results gave strong evidence to the notion that, for sufficiently small crystallite size, nanocrystalline t-ZrO_2 is not just kinetically metastable but can be truly thermodynamically more stable than the m-polymorph in air below 1200 deg C.