We evaluate the frequency error from distributed cavity phase in the caesium fountain clock PTB-CSF2 at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt with a combination of frequency measurements and ab initio calculations. The associated uncertainty is 1.3 X 10~(-16), with a frequency bias of 0.4 X 10~(-16). The agreement between the measurements and calculations explains the previously observed frequency shifts at elevated microwave amplitude. We also evaluate the frequency bias and uncertainty due to the microwave lensing of the atomic wave packets. We report a total PTB-CSF2 systematic uncertainty of 4.1 X 10~(-16).
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机译：我们结合物理频率测量和从头算计算，评估了物理物理技术学院铯喷泉时钟PTB-CSF2中来自分布式腔相位的频率误差。相关的不确定度为1.3 X 10〜（-16），频率偏差为0.4 X 10〜（-16）。测量和计算之间的一致性解释了先前观察到的在微波振幅升高时的频移。我们还评估了由于原子波包的微波透镜作用引起的频率偏差和不确定性。我们报告的总PTB-CSF2系统不确定性为4.1 X 10〜（-16）。
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