Ultra-Small-Angle X-ray Scattering—X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy: A New Measurement Technique for In-Situ Studies of Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Dynamics

摘要

Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering—X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS) is a new measurement technique for the study of equilibrium and slow nonequilibrium dynamics in disordered materials. This technique fills a gap between the accessible scattering vector ranges of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and XPCS. It also overcomes the limits of visible light scattering techniques imposed by multiple scattering and is suitable for the study of optically opaque materials containing near-micrometer-sized structures. In this article, we present an overview of the important technical aspects of USAXS-XPCS and offer a few examples as well as future outlooks to illustrate the capability of USAXS-XPCS for monitoring equilibrium and nonequilibrium dynamics.