Relation between particular hormones, cytokines and metabolites during the periparturient period in cows [Review] [Polish]

摘要

The article describes a variety of papers dealing with the interaction between particular hormones, cytokines and metabolites during the periparturient period in cows. Early lactation is linked to an increase in the concentration, of prolaktine and glucocorticoides and a decrease in the level of insulin, IGF-1 and leptin. Leptin plays the role of a transmitter between the metabolic status and reproductive system and influences GnRH secretion. The cow's state of nourishment partly influences the synthesis and secretion of IGF-1. A negative energy balance contributes to the increase of the level and estrification of NEFA and TG deposits in the liver following parturition. Lipolysis may have an affect on increasing metabolic adipose tissue activity, and a rise in the production of cytokines by adipocytes can lead to suppressing appetite. Cytokines accelerate the decomposition of adipose tissue and contribute to the predominance of proteolysis over proteosyntesis. Oxidative and metabolic stress during the periparturient period significantly decreases the level of vit. E which is the most important antioxidant protecting the membrane lipids of cells from peroxidative damage. A weakened production of superoxide by neutrophiles may be observed in cows with a postpartum metritis.