Characterising humic acid fouling of NF membranes using bisphenol A as a molecular indicator

摘要

Fouling of nanoflltration (NF) membranes by humic acids was investigated using Bisphenol A (BPA) as an indicator chemical to differentiate between various mechanisms that may lead to a change in solute rejection. Three commercially available NF membranes were investigated and an accelerated fouling condition was achieved with a foulant mixture containing humic acids in an electrolyte matrix.