Ocular Lesions Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

摘要

Introduction: This study was undertaken to document the various ocular manifestations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals and to correlate such findings with CD4+ T lymphocyte levels in individuals with ocular manifestations. Methods: A total of 150 patients known to be HIV positive referred to a tertiary level army hospital were included in this cross sectional study. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation. CD4+ count was done only in patients in whom ocular lesions were noted.Result: Most patients (54.66%) were in the 31-40 years age group. Majority of patients (84.66%) were males. Infection was sexually acquired in 91.33% by heterosexual mode. Majority of cases (34%) examined had presented within 12-18 months of being detected positive for HIV. Ocular involvement was present in 76 (50.66%) cases and the commonest ocular lesion encountered was cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in 23 (30.26%) cases. CD4+ count less than 50 cells/ ul was consistently associated with ocular manifestations in 36.84% of HIV positive patients.Conclusion: This study showed the whole spectrum of ocular lesions in HIV positive cases from CMV retinitis to adnexal lesions. No case of ocular Kaposi's sarcoma was seen in this study.