The elastic properties of rubbery materials can often be represented by a strainhyphen;energy function expressed as the sum over the three principal extension ratios of a function of a single extension ratio, the Valanishyphen;Landel form. In that case, the strainhyphen;energy function can be completely determined from uniaxial extension data combined with data on the torque of a cylinder in torsion. The method is an improvement over other methods for determining the strainhyphen;energy function because the necessary experiments are particularly convenient.
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