Less invasive cardiac output monitoring for OPCAB surgery.

摘要

Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery has been shown to provide improvement of select short-term and mid-term clinical and resource outcomes with similar mortality, stroke and myocardial infarction rates compared with conventional coronary artery bypass grafting using cardiopulmonary bypass.1 Key challenges associated with OPCAB surgery include the detection and prevention of myocardial ischemia, and ensuring adequate blood flow and oxygen delivery to the vital organs. Both challenges are closely interrelated, hence the need for reliable and sensitive monitoring tools in order to detect the rapid hemodynamic changes during heart displacement in several coronary grafting positions. Abrupt hemodynamic deterioration may occur, particularly during coronary grafting on the lateral and inferior surfaces of the heart, due to twisting and virtualization maneuvers.