INVESTIGATION INTO ROUTES OF SPREAD AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF TRICHINELLOSIS BY GENETIC METHODS

摘要

Among 243 samples collected from wildlife of Slovakia (red foxes, wild boars, stone martens, brown bear, wolf, lynx, European polecat) in the period of 2005-2007, as much as 96.7% of animals harboured Trichinella britovi, which is of lesser infectivity and pathogenicity for humans. The predominance of T. britovi in wildlife follows the pattern obtained from neighbouring central-European countries. A more pathogenic T. spiralis was detected in Slovakia only sporadically, in two foxes (0.8%) and in mixed infection with T. britovi in 4 foxes (1.6%). Notably, non-encapsulated T. pseudospiralis was found in the two cases (in fox and wild boar) in eastern Slovakia that substantiated its limited presence in our territory following the outbreak in pig farmin 2003. DNA and allozyme data indicated the likely introduction of T. pseudospiralis to central Europe from Scandinavia through the raptorial birds that temporarily reside in eastern Slovakia during the wintertime.