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Drinking pattern of wine and effects on human health: why should we drink moderately and with meals?

机译:葡萄酒的饮用方式及其对人体健康的影响:为什么我们应该适度饮酒和用餐?

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摘要

Conclusions of epidemiological studies examining the effects of alcoholic beverages on human health may be unclear and limited if they do not take into account drinking pattern parameters such as beverage type, regular moderate versus binge drinking and drinking with or without meals. This review considers different aspects of drinking patterns and effects on human health with special attention to wine. We particularly discuss the potential underlying mechanisms for epidemiological evidence that the beneficial effects of wine are more evident if consumed with food. In this context, we address the effects of food on blood alcohol concentration and acetaldehyde production in the gastrointestinal tract, the role of wine components and uric acid in counteracting the detrimental effects of postprandial oxidative stress, as well as wine's antimicrobial properties and its potential to act as a digestive aid. In addition to its biological correlates, drinking patterns with regard to different socio-cultural circumstances in different populations are also considered. In order to avoid confusion and misconceptions in the general population because of the hormetic associations of wine with human health, it is important that all medical and scientific information concerning the effect of wine consumption on human health are evidence-based and communicated in a competent, credible and unbiased manner. In conclusion, we propose several practical recommendations concerning wine consumption and consumer information to minimize the risks of alcohol-related harm and to encourage individual responsibility and a healthy lifestyle.
机译:如果不考虑饮酒模式参数(例如饮料类型,定期中度饮酒与暴饮暴食以及有餐或无餐),流行病学研究结论(含酒精饮料对人体健康的影响)可能尚不明确,而且受到局限。这篇评论考虑了饮酒方式的不同方面以及对人体健康的影响,尤其要注意葡萄酒。我们特别讨论了流行病学证据的潜在潜在机制,即与食物一起食用,葡萄酒的有益作用更加明显。在此背景下,我们探讨了食物对胃肠道血液酒精浓度和乙醛生成的影响,葡萄酒成分和尿酸在抵消餐后氧化应激的不利影响中的作用,以及葡萄酒的抗微生物特性及其对食品的潜在危害。起到消化作用。除了其生物学相关性外,还考虑了不同人群在不同社会文化环境下的饮酒方式。为了避免由于葡萄酒与人类健康之间的恶性联系而在一般人群中造成混淆和误解,重要的是,所有有关葡萄酒消费对人类健康影响的医学和科学信息都必须有据可依,并由主管人员进行沟通,可信而公正的态度。总之,我们提出了一些有关葡萄酒消费和消费者信息的实用建议,以最大程度地减少与酒精有关的危害的风险,并鼓励个人责任和健康的生活方式。

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