Being vigilant for the signs of pneumonia in calves is key to taking swift action this winter to reduce the damage the disease causes, as each case cost farmers an average ￡1,580.But understanding the causes of the disease is just as important so that farmers know how to react to it, particularly with bacterial cases."There are a variety of bacterial causes of pneumonia, with the main ones being pasteurella, Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemo-lytica and Histophilus somni," says George Caldow of Scodand's Rural College (SRUC).
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