RDF has been used in cement plants for over 20 years in Germany, during which time the cement industry has been under great competitive pressure, forcing operators to look at alternative fuels in order to reduce production costs. Fuel costs can represent up to 40% of the total cost of producing cement. Today, the primary fuels used in German cement plants has been reduced by 65% to 80% of previous requirements. However, RDF has unique problems arising from the heterogeneous nature of the waste, from which it is made. The different types of materials that can be found in RDF make its prepatation far from straightforward, as described below.
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