How closely related are allergic rhinitis, asthma, and chronic sinusitis?

摘要

How closely related are allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS)? Clinical experience has taught us that these three entities are, in fact, closely related. Evidence enumerating the existence of this relationship will be briefly explored here. Immunologic evidence: AR is triggered primarily by an IgE-mediated immune response to environmental allergens. By activating numerous mediators and involvement of the cellular response, inflammation ultimately sets in at the tissue level. Upon initiation of this cascade, two phases of a type one allergic reaction occur, increasing the concentration of eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils in nasal secretions and the epithelial lining of the nose, thus generating rhinor-rhea and congestion.