According to the UK National Health Service, addiction is not having control over doing, taking or using something harmful (http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addictions). The subject has historically been the province of moralists and of social reformers, and only in recent years has the science underlying addiction gained prominence. Central to our understanding of the subject is the issue of the brain substrate of ‘control’. While personal, emotional, psychological and environmental factors are important in preventing addictive behaviour, or in breaking the cycle of addiction once it has begun, it is now clear that changes in behaviour can be facilitated by pharmacological and psychosocial interventions.
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机译：根据英国国家卫生局（UK National Health Service）的报告，成瘾无法控制做，采取或使用有害的物品（http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addictions）。从历史上讲，这个主题一直是道德主义者和社会改革者的专长，直到最近几年，成瘾的基础科学才受到重视。我们对该主题的理解的核心是“控制”的大脑底物问题。尽管个人，情感，心理和环境因素对于预防成瘾行为或在成瘾开始后打破成瘾的循环非常重要，但现在很明显，可以通过药理和社会心理干预来促进行为改变。
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