Efficient Ribosomal Frameshifitng Can Occur at the Beginning of the Translation

摘要

Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1RFS) is one of well-known alternative decoding mechanisms found in nature. -1RFS mechanism has been first described as a mechanism that controls the relative expression levels of two proteins in metazoan viruses. Furthermore, among many retroviruses, plant viruses, coronaviruses and certain bacterial and protozoan genes, this has been identified as a mechanism that modulates the translation of two proteins encoded by overlapping open reading frames present in one mKNA. Their prevalence across such an evolutionarily. diverse distribution manifests that such sites have evolved several times.