Present state of global wetland extent and wetland methane modelling: conclusions from a model inter-comparison project (WETCHIMP)

摘要

Global wetlands are believed to be climate sensitive, and are the largest natural emitters of methane (CH_4). Increased wetland CH_4 emissions could act as a positive feedback to future warming. The Wetland and Wetland CH_4 Inter-comparison of Models Project (WETCHIMP) investigated our present ability to simulate large-scale wetland characteristics and corresponding CH_4 emissions. To ensure inter-comparability, we used a common experimental protocol driving all models with the same climate and carbon dioxide (CO_2) forcing datasets. The WETCHIMP experiments were conducted for model equilibrium states as well as transient simulations covering the last century. Sensitivity experiments investigated model response to changes in selected forcing inputs (precipitation, temperature, and atmospheric CO_2 concentration). Ten models participated, covering the spectrum from simple to relatively complex, including models tailored either for regional or global simulations. The models also varied in methods to calculate wetland size and location, with some models simulating wetland area prognostically, while other models relied on remotely sensed inundation datasets, or an approach intermediate between the two.