Analysis of the landscape of the Molise coast.

摘要

Beaches and dune cordons bordering with sandy beaches present a physiogeographical unity of great naturalistic and environmental interest. A coastal dune is a dynamic geomorphological system characterised by morphological instability and a strong incoherence of the substrate. Such conditions make dunes particularly susceptible to erosion caused by the sea, wind and man. The special role of plants in structuring, stabilizing and geomorphological development of coastal dune cordons is considered. Distribution of annual (Cakile maritima and Salsola kali) and perennial (Elytrigia juncea [Elymus farctus]) plants in dunes, and occurrence of Ammophila arenaria, Lotus cytisoides and Lagurus ovatus in mobile dunes are outlined. Factors of destabilization of coastal environment, such as water pollution, urbanization, agricultural and industrial activities (including harbours), and tourism development, are considered. A study of plant communities in the Molise region on the Adriatic coast, Italy, was conducted to facilitate regional territory management integrating the requirements of development and conservation. Maps are provided of geographical position and vegetation cover of the Molise coast. Diagrams are included on distribution of vegetation types according to the CORINE legend classification system. Data are tabulated on natural and artificial vegetation zones, agricultural zones, landscape and vegetation types, and developed zones based on CORINE land cover. It is concluded that the coastal environment of the Molise has been subjected to significant pressure as a result of uncontrolled growth of housing and tourism development. Suggestions are provided for a management system based on conservation requirements of the coastal plant landscape.