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Suitability and efficiency of ditch irrigation

机译:沟渠灌溉的适宜性和效率

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A gravitational irrigation method which relies on lateral infiltration of water from open ditches is practised in western Emilia-Romagna, N. Italy. It is a traditional method once extensively used for forage crops, although it is generally less efficient owing to the large water losses that occur in the field, and the variability in field water content as a result of utilizing natural cracks (horizontal and vertical) in clay soils to distribute the water. A description is given of ditch irrigationtrials undertaken in July 1999 on an experimental arable farm in Modena province, which recorded volumes of water supplied to ditches (during a 6-hour daytime period), depth of the water table, and the lateral distribution of soil water at various distances (1.5, 4.5 and 10.5 m) from the ditches, in a pasture legume crop (3 or 4 cuts made during the season). Economic and environmental costs and benefits are discussed. Generally, the method is suitable for low value silage crops growing on land not suitable for other purposes, as the total cost of the system is low compared to other irrigation methods, and the variability within the crop is not a crucial factor.
机译:在意大利北部的艾米利亚-罗马涅省西部,实行了一种重力灌溉方法,该方法依靠水从裸露的沟渠中横向渗透。尽管由于田间发生大量的水分流失,以及由于利用天然裂缝(水平和垂直)而导致田间含水量多变,但它通常效率较低,因此曾经是广泛用于饲草作物的传统方法。黏土来分配水。描述了1999年7月在摩德纳省的一个试验性耕作农场进行的沟渠灌溉试验,该试验记录了向沟渠供应的水量(白天6小时),地下水位的深度以及土壤的横向分布在牧场豆科作物中(距季节有3或4割),距沟渠有不同距离(1.5、4.5和10.5 m)的水。讨论了经济和环境成本与收益。通常,该方法适用于在不适合其他用途的土地上生长的低价值青贮饲料作物,因为与其他灌溉方法相比,该系统的总成本较低,并且作物内的变异性不是关键因素。

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