Review: Lithium reduces the risk of suicide compared with placebo in people with depression and bipolar disorder

摘要

Question: Does lithium prevent suicide and self-harm in people with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder? Outcomes: Suicide, deliberate self-harm (DSH) and all-cause mortality. DSH was defined as a non-fatal outcome following a deliberately initiated behaviour (such as self-cutting) or ingestion of a toxic substance or object with the intention of causing self-harm, irrespective of motivation. Suicidal ideation alone was not considered as an outcome.