Comparison of the acute toxicity of sodium salinomycin in Synvertas and Sacox preparations in chickens.

摘要

The aim of this study was to determine and compare the acute oral toxicity (LD50), clinical signs of poisoning after sublethal and lethal doses, remission of clinical signs of intoxication and pathomorphological changes in dead chickens (n=40 Ross I, 1320-1820 g) treated with sodium salinomycin. LD50 of sodium salinomycin in the respective preparations was calculated using double-dose interpolation method after death at 24 h. The LD50 for sodium salinomycin in Synvertas was 107.5 mg/kg bw (1075 mg preparation) and 100.0 mg/kg bw (833.3 mg preparation) in Sacox. Clinical signs observed after administration of the lethal doses of 100 and 120 mg of sodium salinomycin/kg bw (1000 and 1200 mg of Synvertas preparation and 833.3 mg and 1000 mg of Sacox preparation) were locomotor ataxia, semiprone or sternal lying position with neck stretched forward and legs stretched backwards, dyspnoea, cyanosis, serious central nervous system inhibition, and loss of vocal and tactile responses. Death occurred within 17 h and was accompanied by mild myoclonus symptoms with backward stretched limbs. Hyperaemia of the liver, pancreas, spleen and kidneys, anaemia of GIT mucosa, diffuse acute bronchopneumonia (lung oedema in one chicken), slight anaemia of thoracic musculature and slight banding of thigh and thoracic musculature were observed in the majority of dead chickens. The toxic effect of sodium salinomycin started to manifest itself after a sublethal dose of 20 mg/kg bw (200 mg of Synvertas preparation and 166.6 mg/kg bw Sacox preparation). Poisoning symptoms were very weak and disappeared after 15 h. It is suggested that the toxic effect of sodium salinomycin is very mild and it has a relatively short biological half-time since the symptoms disappeared within 15 h after administration..