PM 7/124 (1) Spodoptera littoral is, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania

摘要

This Standard provides guidance for the identification of S. littoruli.s, S. liiura, S. frugiperda and S. eridania.Spodoptera littoralis, S. litura, S. frugiperda and S. eridania are important Noctuid pest species that are highly polypha-gous. More than 100 species of host plants are reported, many of which are of economic importance (EPPO/CABI, 1997, Robinson et at., 2010). S. littoralis is present in the Palearctic region from Africa and Southern-Europe, the Arabian peninsula into Iran. S. litura has its range covering Oriental and Australasian areas with some Palearctic overflows in the region of Iran. S. eridania occurs in the South Eastern United States from Maryland south to Florida and west to Kentucky and Texas; in the Neotropics it ranges from Mexico, throughout the Caribbean, and south through Central America to Argentina. S. frugiperda is widely distributed in the Americas, occurring from South Central to Eastern Canada, coast to coast in the United States, south to Argentina and throughout the Caribbean (Pogue, 2002). For detailed distributions see EPPO Global Database (https:// gd.eppo.int/) and for host ranges see the EPPO Data Sheet and CABI Crop Protection Compendium (CABI, 2015). Figure I below describes the diagnostic procedure for Spodoptera species.