Among recipients of intra-abdominal solid-organ transplants, bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a major cause of mortality. We undertook a retrospective cohort study of recipients of kidney, pancreas, and/or liver transplants with BSIs at a single center over an 11-year period. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression was used to determine independent predictors of 15-day mortality and clinical cure, with a focus on the use of statins. Three hundred and eleven recipients of solid-organ transplants had 604 episodes of BSI. Forty-four (14%) died within 15 days of BSI. Sixteen percent did not achieve clinical cure. In the multivariate model, each one point increase in the APACHE score was associated with a 1.09-fold increased risk of death (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.18, P = 0.03). The lack of appropriate antibiotic therapy was associated with a four-fold higher risk of death within 15 days (odds ratio [OR] 4.65, 95% CI 1.46-14.78, P = 0.009). Statin use was protective (OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.78). Patients with high APACHE scores, nosocomial rather than community source of BSI, lack of appropriate antibiotic therapy, and mental status changes were less likely to achieve clinical cure of their BSIs. In conclusion, appropriate antibiotic therapy and statin use are associated with lower risk of mortality from BSIs in this patient population.
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