Regularities of the Geography and Genesis of the Mineral-Crystallochemical Base of Soils and Its Changes upon Pedogenesis

摘要

Mineralogical and crystallochemical studies of a large collection of soil samples from different parts of Russia made it possible to trace the main regularities in the geography of soil parent materials. They are predetermined by geotectonic and lithogenetic factors. It is argued that the transformation of parent material under the impact of pedogenctic processes is a multifaceted phenomenon; in particular, it includes the processes of macro- and microaggregation. This leads to changes in the degreeof dispersion of the soil solid phase, which should be taken into account during the interpretation of mineralogical data. It is suggested that quantitative methods should find a wider application in the study of soil processes.