Complexity of RNA polymerase II elongation dynamics

摘要

Transcription of protein-coding genes by RNA polymerase II can be regulated at multiple points during the process of RNA synthesis, including initiation, elongation, and termination. . In vivo data suggests that elongating polymerases exhibit heterogeneity throughout the gene body, suggestive of changes in elongation rate and/or pausing. Here, we review evidence from a variety of different experimental approaches for understanding regulation of transcription elongation. We compare steady-state measurements of nascent RNA density and polymerase occupancy to time-resolved measurements and point out areas of disagreement. Finally, we discuss future avenues of investigation for understanding this critically important step in gene regulation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Chromatin in time and space.