Spiders on arable fields - biology and pest control (Arachnida: Araneae).

摘要

Spiders are polyphagous predators, with a number of prey-capturing techniques. Most spiders have one generation per year and they hibernate as spiderlings (nymphs). Arable fields may supply the spiders with sufficient food. Due to the occurring disturbances, spiders often have to colonize fields from nearby perennial habitats, either by walking or ballooning. They may contribute to pest control, as has been shown in several studies. Structural complexity at the landscape level as well as at the field level promotes high diversity and abundance of spiders. Especially field boundaries are suitable source areas for spiders in arable fields: they are close-by and if managed properly provide enough structure for hibernation and refuge during disturbances in the fields.