Case Report: Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma in a 13-year-old Thoroughbred stallion presenting as a differential diagnosis to recurrent airway obstruction

摘要

Pulmonary conditions are encountered commonly in equine practice and often present a challenging differential diagnosis (Dixon et al. 1995a,b). In mature horses, where predominant signs are coughing in the absence of affected cohorts (Head and Wood 2001), the more common pulmonary diseases (Robinson 2000) are recurrent airway obstruction (RAO; 'heaves'), previously named chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the poorly described disorder of inflammatory airway disease (IAD). Other differential diagnoses include summer pasture-associated obstructive pulmonary disease (SPAOPD) (Dixon and McGorum 1990; Seahorn et al. 1997; Mair 1996; Costa et al. 2000), Streptococus equi infection (Yelle 1987), tuberculosis (Knottenbelt and Pascoe 1994; Rooney and Robertson 1996), bronchopneumonia (Mair and Lane 1989), pleuropneumonia (Sweeney 1987) and neoplasia (Sweeney and Gillette 1989), Epistaxis (Cook 1974; O'Callaghan et al. 1987) is a common condition in horses following exercise due to exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH); but blood in nasal discharges, not associated with exercise, involves a substantial list of disorders from sites extending the length of the upper and lower airways (O'Callaghan 1989).