Odour-baited traps influence thrips capture in proximal unbaited traps in the field.

摘要

Two field experiments examined the distance over which an attractant odour of a volatile chemical could influence thrips capture in proximal traps that were without the odour. In each experiment a star-shaped array of water traps consisted of a centre trap with or without an odour surrounded by odourless traps at 0.5, 1, 2, 5, and 10 m in eight equally spaced radial arms 45 degrees apart. Experiments ran for 47 h (centre trap: ethyl nicotinate) or 7 h (centre trap: ethyl isonicotinate). Each had four replicates. With ethyl nicotinate, more thrips were trapped in the centre-baited traps than in the unbaited centre traps (63x, 7x, 98x and 200x for total thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman [female], and Thrips obscuratus Crawford [female] and [male], respectively) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). More total thrips and T. tabaci [female] were trapped in the centre traps baited with ethyl isonicotinate than in unbaited centre traps (21x for both). For ethyl nicotinate, numbers of T. obscuratus in unbaited traps downwind from the baited centre trap declined by 50% within 0.4 m ([female]) and 2 m ([male]) and by 95% within 3 m (both [female] and [male]) based on model predictions. For ethyl isonicotinate, numbers of T. tabaci in unbaited traps downwind from the baited centre trap declined by 50% within 1.3 m and by 95% within 10 m based on model predictions. Wind direction was an important factor in the degree and direction of thrips capture with the highest thrips capture downwind from the centre trap with odour. There was no increase in numbers of T. tabaci in any traps without odour in the ethyl nicotinate-centred array. Differences in trapping patterns between thrips species and odours indicated that there were thrips species-odour specific interactions. Experiments examining differences between traps with and without a thrips attractant odour need to be designed very carefully to ensure meaningful results especially in enclosed and/or low-wind indoor situations..