Morphology controlled 1D Pt nanostructures synthesized by galvanic displacement of Cu nanowires in chloroplatinic acid

摘要

One-dimensional platinum (Pt) nanostructures with different shape, size, and morphology were synthesized by galvanic displacement of sacrificial Cu nanowires in chloroplatinic acid baths. By increasing the concentration of H_2PtCl_6, the morphology of Pt nanostructures greatly altered from Pt nanoparticles decorated Cu nanowires, Pt coated Cu core-shell nanowires, dense Pt nanotubes to porous Pt nanotubes. At low concentration of H_2PtCl_6 (< 1 mM), the Pt content monotonically increased with an increase in [H_2PtCl_6](upto approx 80 at.%). The Pt content became independent of [H_2PtCl_6] at higher concentration. The average external diameter and wall thickness of Pt nanotubes decreased with increasing [H_2PtCl_6] suggesting that the dissolution of copper is strongly dependent on [Cl~-], which led to changes in the morphology of Pt nanostructures.