Response of Wheat to Applications of Farmyard Manure and Mineral N Fertilizer to A Calcareous Soil

摘要

AFIELD experiment was conducted in the farm of Noubaria Agricultural Research Station in the winter season of 2007/2008 to study the efficiency of farmyard manure (FYM) and ammonium nitrate, 33%N (AN) each alone or in combination when they were applied to wheat. The rates of applications were 15, 30 m~(-3)/fed FYM, 30 and 60 kg N/fed as AN alone. The combined treatment was 15 m~(-3) FYM and 30 kg N/fed as AN. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:At vegetatiye growth stage (100 days of planting), wheat responded significantly to any of these treatments due to increments in plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Mn and with one exception in case of Zn uptake by plants received 15m~(-3) FYM/fed. Mineral N at this period was more effective than FYM in case of N and Zn uptake along with in K and Mn uptake while P and Fe uptake showed irregular trends.At maturity (160 days of planting) application treatments increased significantly plant height, grain yield (despite that receiving 30 kg N / fed as AN ), 100 grain weight and crop index. In case of plant height, the high rate of FYM was significantly better than the low FYM or AN rate added alone but their combination raised their plant height. The combination treatment, similar to the high of either EYM or AN produced the highest grain yield. It was the only treatment caused significant difference over the control in case of harvest index. Production of mature dry matter revealed significant increase in grains by application of either FYM or high AN rate, in straw by either high FYM rate or the combined treatment and in whole plant by sole FYM applications.At maturity, nutrient uptake was clearly affected application with exceptions of the low AN rate in case of N, Fe and Mn content in grains, straw and whole plant, but P and Zn uptake by straw. The same similarly with control was noticed also by application of the high AN rate in case of N, P, Fe, Mn and Zn content in straw. The combined treatment was as the same as the control in case of Fe content in straw.The combined treatment was superior to other treatments in case of N and Zn content in grains and whole plant but Fe content in grain. It was as the same as the high FYM rate in case of K and Mn content in grains and straw but P, K, Fe and Mn uptake bywhole plant generally, it could be recommended that combination of 15 m~(-3) FYM and" 30 kg N as AN produced satisfactory wheat crop production due to its growth, grain and straw yields, along with yield components and uptake of N, P, K, Fe, Mn and Zn.